EPC16QI100
- Артикул: EPC16QI100
- Категории:
- Производитель: Intel
- MOQ: 1PCS
- В наличии: 10295
- Техническое описание:
- Описание: IC CONFIG DEVICE 16MBIT 100QFP
- Способ оплаты: Paypal/Wire transfer/Visa
- Способ доставки: UPS/DHL/FEDEX/EMS
- 1 Pcs$245.139
- 10 Pcs$233.466
- 100 Pcs$222.348
- 1000 Pcs$217.988
- 10000 Pcs$217.988
| Производитель | Intel |
| Memory Size | 16MB |
| Mounting Type | Surface Mount |
| Package / Case | 100-BQFP |
| Product Status | Obsolete |
| Voltage - Supply | 3V ~ 3.6V |
| Programmable Type | In System Programmable |
| Operating Temperature | -40°C ~ 85°C |
| Supplier Device Package | 100-PQFP (20x14) |
EPC16QI100 FPGAs Overview
Features
■ Enhanced configuration devices include EPC4, EPC8, and EPC16 devices
■ Single-chip configuration solution for Stratix® series, Cyclone™ series, APEX™ II, APEX 20K (including APEX 20K, APEX 20KC, and APEX 20KE), Mercury™, ACEX® 1K, and FLEX® 10K (FLEX 10KE and FLEX 10KA) devices
■ Contains 4-, 8-, and 16-Mbit flash memories for configuration data storage
● On-chip decompression feature almost doubles the effective configuration density
■ Standard flash die and a controller die combined into single stacked chip package
■ External flash interface supports parallel programming of flash and external processor access to unused portions of memory
● Flash memory block/sector protection capability via external flash interface
● Supported in EPC16QI100 and EPC4 devices
■ Page mode support for remote and local reconfiguration with up to eight configurations for the entire system
● Compatible with Stratix series Remote System Configuration feature
■ Supports byte-wide configuration mode fast passive parallel (FPP); 8-bit data output per DCLK cycle
■ Supports true n-bit concurrent configuration (n = 1, 2, 4, and 8) of Altera FPGAs
■ Pin-selectable 2-ms or 100-ms power-on reset (POR) time
■ Configuration clock supports programmable input source and frequency synthesis
● Multiple configuration clock sources supported (internal oscillator and external clock input pin)
● External clock source with frequencies up to 133 MHz
● Internal oscillator defaults to 10 MHz; Programmable for higher frequencies of 33, 50, and 66 MHz
● Clock synthesis supported via user programmable divide counter
■ Available in the 100-pin plastic quad flat pack (PQFP) and the 88-pin Ultra FineLine BGA® packages
● Vertical migration between all devices supported in the 100-pin PQFP package
■ Supply voltage of 3.3 V (core and I/O)
■ Hardware compliant with IEEE Std. 1532 in-system programmability (ISP) specification
■ Supports ISP via Jam Standard Test and Programming Language (STAPL)
■ Supports Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) boundary scan
■ nINIT_CONF pin allows private JTAG instruction to initiate FPGA configuration
■ Internal pull-up resistor on nINIT_CONF always enabled
■ User programmable weak internal pull-up resistors on nCS and OE pins
■ Internal weak pull-up resistors on external flash interface address and control lines, bus hold on data lines
■ Standby mode with reduced power consumption
Functional Description
The Altera enhanced configuration device is a single-device, high-speed, advanced configuration solution for very high-density FPGAs. The core of an enhanced configuration device is divided into two major blocks, a configuration controller and a flash memory. The flash memory is used to store configuration data for systems made up of one or more Altera FPGAs. Unused portions of the flash memory can be used to store processor code or data that can be accessed via the external flash interface after FPGA configuration is complete.
The enhanced configuration device has a 3.3-V core and I/O interface. The controller chip is a synchronous system that implements the various interfaces and features. Figure 2–1 shows a block diagram of the enhanced configuration device. The controller chip features three separate interfaces:
■ A configuration interface between the controller and the Altera FPGA(s)
■ A JTAG interface on the controller that enables in-system programmability (ISP) of the flash memory
■ An external flash interface that the controller shares with an external processor, or FPGA implementing a Nios® embedded processor (interface available after ISP and configuration)
The INTEL Memory - Configuration Proms for FPGA's EPROM series EPC16QI100 is FPGA 3.3V 100Pin PQFP, View Substitutes & Alternatives along with datasheets, stock, pricing from Authorized Distributors at bitfoic.com, and you can also search for other FPGAs products.Features
■ Serial device family for configuring APEXTM II, APEX 20K (including APEX 20K, APEX 20KC, and APEX 20KE), MercuryTM, ACEX 1K, and FLEX (FLEX 6000, FLEX 10KE, and FLEX 10KA) devices
■ Easy-to-use 4-pin interface to APEX II, APEX 20K, Mercury, ACEX, and FLEX devices
■ Low current during configuration and near-zero standby current
■ 5.0-V and 3.3-V operation
■ Software design support with the Altera Quartus II and MAX+PLUS II development systems for Windows-based PCs as well as Sun SPARCstation, and HP 9000 Series 700/800
■ Programming support with Altera’s Master Programming Unit (MPU) and programming hardware from Data I/O, BP Microsystems, and other manufacturers
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- A temperature transducer is a sensor that can sense temperature and convert it into a usable output signal. The temperature sensor is the core part of the temperature measuring instrument, and there are many varieties. After entering the 21st century, temperature sensors are rapidly developing towards high-tech directions such as high precision, multi-function, bus standardization, high reliability and safety, development of virtual sensors and network sensors, and development of single-chip temperature measurement systems. The bus technology of the temperature sensor has also been standardized, and it can be used as a slave to communicate with the host through a dedicated bus interface. According to the measurement method, it can be divided into two categories: a contact type and a non-contact type. According to the characteristics of sensor materials and electronic components, it can be divided into two types: thermal resistance and thermocouple. Main Category The detection part of the contact temperature sensor is in good contact with the measured object, also known as a thermometer. The thermometer achieves heat balance through conduction or convection so that the indication value of the thermometer can directly represent the temperature of the measured object. Generally, the measurement accuracy is high. Within a certain temperature range, the thermometer can also measure the temperature distribution inside the object. However, large measurement errors will occur for moving bodies, small targets, or objects with small heat capacity. Commonly used thermometers include bimetallic thermometers, liquid-in-glass thermometers, pressure thermometers, resistance thermometers, thermistors, and thermocouples. They are widely used in industry, agriculture, commerce, and other sectors. People also often use these thermometers in daily life. With the wide application of cryogenic technology in national defense engineering, space technology, metallurgy, electronics, food, medicine, petrochemical, and other departments and the research of superconducting technology, cryogenic thermometers for measuring temperatures below 120K have been developed, such as cryogenic gas thermometers, steam Pressure thermometers, acoustic thermometers, paramagnetic salt thermometers, quantum thermometers, low-temperature thermal resistance, and low-temperature thermocouples, etc. Cryogenic thermometers require small temperature sensing elements, high accuracy, good reproducibility, and stability. The carburized glass thermal resistance made of porous high silica glass carburized and sintered is a kind of temperature sensing element of the low-temperature thermometer, which can be used to measure the temperature in the range of 1.6 ~ 300K. Its sensitive components are not in contact with the measured object, also known as a non-contact temperature measuring instrument. This instrument can be used to measure the surface temperature of moving objects, small targets, and objects with small heat capacity or rapid temperature changes (transient), and can also be used to measure the temperature distribution of the temperature field. The most commonly used non-contact thermometers are based on the fundamental law of black body radiation and are called radiation thermometers. Radiation thermometry methods include the brightness method (see optical pyrometer), radiation method (see radiation pyrometer), and colorimetric method (see colorimetric thermometer). All kinds of radiation temperature measurement methods can only measure the corresponding photometric temperature, radiation temperature, or colorimetric temperature. Only the temperature measured for a black body (an object that absorbs all radiation and does not reflect light) is the true temperature. If you want to measure the real temperature of the object, you must correct the surface emissivity of the material. However, the surface emissivity of materials depends not only on temperature and wavelength, but also on surface state, coating film, and microstructure, so it is difficult to measure accurately. In automatic production, it is often necessary to use radiation thermometry to measure or control the surface temperature of certain objects, such as the steel strip rolling temperature, roll temperature, forging temperature in metallurgy, and the temperature of various molten metals in smelting furnaces or crucibles. In these specific cases, the measurement of the emissivity of an object's surface is quite difficult. For automatic measurement and control of solid surface temperature, an additional reflector can be used to form a black body cavity together with the measured surface. The effect of additional radiation can increase the effective radiation and effective emissivity of the measured surface. Use the effective emissivity coefficient to correct the measured temperature through the instrument, and finally get the real temperature of the measured surface. The most typical additional mirror is hemispherical. The diffuse radiation on the measured surface near the center of the sphere can be reflected on the surface by the hemispherical mirror to form additional radiation, thereby increasing the effective emissivity coefficient. In the formula, ε is the surface emissivity of the material, and ρ is the reflectivity of the mirror. As for the radiation measurement of the real temperature of the gas and liquid medium, the method of inserting the heat-resistant material tube to a certain depth to form a black body cavity can be used. The effective emission coefficient of the cylinder cavity after reaching thermal equilibrium with the medium is obtained by calculation. In automatic measurement and control, this value can be used to correct the measured cavity bottom temperature (ie medium temperature) to obtain the real temperature of the medium. Advantages of non-contact temperature measurement: the upper limit of measurement is not limited by the temperature resistance of the temperature sensing element, so there is no limit to the maximum measurable temperature in principle. For high temperatures above 1800°C, non-contact temperature measurement methods are mainly used. With the development of infrared technology, radiation temperature measurement has gradually expanded from visible light to infrared and has been used below 700°C to room temperature with high resolution. Working principle Metals undergo a corresponding extension when the ambient temperature changes, so the sensor can signal this response in different ways. Bimetal Sensor A bimetal sheet is composed of two pieces of metal with different expansion coefficients attached. As the temperature changes, material A expands more than the other metal, causing the metal sheet to bend. The curvature of the bend can be converted into an output signal. Bimetal Rod and Tube Sensors As the temperature increases, the length of the metal tube (material A) increases, while the length of the non-expanding steel rod (metal B) does not increase so that the linear expansion of the metal tube can be transmitted due to the change of position. In turn, this linear expansion can be translated into an output signal. Deformation Curve Design Sensors for Liquids and Gases When the temperature changes, liquids, and gases will also produce corresponding changes in volume. Various types of structures can convert this change in expansion into a change in position, thus producing a position change output (potentiometer, sense bias, baffle, etc.). Resistance sensing As the temperature of the metal changes, its resistance value also changes. For different metals, every time the temperature changes by one degree, the resistance value changes differently, and the resistance value can be directly used as an output signal. There are two types of changes in resistance positive temperature coefficient Increased temperature = increased resistance A decrease in temperature = a decrease in resistance negative temperature coefficient Increased temperature = decreased resistance Decrease in temperature = increase in resistance Thermocouple Sensing A thermocouple consists of two metal wires of different materials welded together at the ends. Then measure the ambient temperature of the non-heating part, and the temperature of the heating point can be accurately known. Since it must have two conductors of different materials, it is called a thermocouple. Thermocouples made of different materials are used in different temperature ranges, and their sensitivities also vary. The sensitivity of the thermocouple refers to the change in the output potential difference when the temperature of the heating point changes by 1 °C. For most thermocouples supported by metallic materials, this value is between 5 and 40 microvolts/°C. Since the sensitivity of the thermocouple temperature sensor has nothing to do with the thickness of the material, it can also be made into a temperature sensor with very thin materials. Also due to the good ductility of the metal material used to make thermocouples, this tiny temperature-measuring element has a very high response speed and can measure rapidly changing processes. Selection method If you want to make reliable temperature measurements, you first need to choose the correct temperature instrument, that is, the temperature sensor. Among them, thermocouples, thermistors, platinum resistance thermometers (RTDs), and temperature ICs are the most commonly used temperature sensors in testing. The following is an introduction to the characteristics of the thermocouple and thermistor temperature instruments. thermocouple Thermocouples are the most commonly used temperature sensors in temperature measurement. Its main advantages are a wide temperature range and adaptability to various atmospheric environments, and it is strong, low in price, does not require a power supply, and is the cheapest. A thermocouple consists of two wires of dissimilar metals (metal A and metal B) connected at one end. When one end of the thermocouple is heated, there is a potential difference in the thermocouple circuit. The temperature can be calculated from the measured potential difference. However, there is a nonlinear relationship between voltage and temperature. Since the temperature is a nonlinear relationship between voltage and temperature, it is necessary to make a second measurement for the reference temperature (Tref), and use the test equipment software or hardware to process the voltage-temperature conversion inside the instrument, to Finally the thermocouple temperature (Tx), is obtained. Both Agilent34970A and 34980A data collectors have built-in measurement computing capabilities. In short, thermocouples are the simplest and most versatile temperature sensors, but thermocouples are not suitable for high-precision measurements and applications. Thermistors are made of semiconductor materials, and most of them have a negative temperature coefficient, that is, the resistance value decreases with the increase in temperature. Temperature changes will cause large resistance changes, so it is the most sensitive temperature sensor. However, the linearity of the thermistor is extremely poor and has a lot to do with the production process. Manufacturers do not give standardized thermistor curves. Thermistors are very small and respond quickly to changes in temperature. But the thermistor requires a current source, and its small size makes it extremely sensitive to self-heating errors. The thermistor measures absolute temperature on two lines and has better accuracy, but it is more expensive than a thermocouple, and its measurable temperature range is also smaller than that of a thermocouple. A commonly used thermistor has a resistance of 5kΩ at 25°C, and every 1°C temperature change causes a resistance change of 200Ω. Note that the 10Ω lead resistance causes only a negligible 0.05°C error. It is ideal for current control applications requiring fast and sensitive temperature measurements. The small size is advantageous for applications with space requirements, but care must be taken to prevent self-heating errors. Thermistors also have their measurement tricks. 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